The fastest way to visualize GradCAM with your Keras models.

Related tags

Deep Learning visualization deep-learning tensorflow keras gradcam
Overview

VizGradCAM

VizGradCam is the fastest way to visualize GradCAM in Keras models. GradCAM helps with providing visual explainability of trained models and may serve as an important step in ensuring that engineers observe the regions that contributed to certain inference results.

Most tutorials or function features similar methods but requires the name of the last convolutional layer, performing the upscaling of heatmap and superimposing it on the original image. In this repository, we aim to combine all of those tasks.

Usage

This function can be imported or simply copied out into your script where required. Specific usage can be found in the sample Jupyter Notebook.

"""
Function Parameters:
    model        : Compiled Model with Weights Loaded
    image        : Image to Perform Inference On 
    plot_results : True - Function Plots using PLT
                   False - Returns Heatmap Array
    interpolant  : Interpolant Value that Describes The Superimposition Ratio
                   Between Image and Heatmap
"""
VizGradCAM(model, image, plot_results=True, interpolant=0.5)

Sample Usage

# Import Function
from gradcam import VizGradCAM

# Load Your Favourite Image
test_img = img_to_array(load_img("monkey.jpeg" , target_size=(224,224)))

# Use The Function - Boom!
VizGradCAM(EfficientNetB4(weights="imagenet"), test_img))

Results

plot_results=True plot_results=False

More Information

This function is inspired by Keras' GradCAM tuturial here and the original paper, Grad-CAM: Visual Explanations from Deep Networks via Gradient-based Localization can be found here.

Tested / Supported Models

This function works with Keras CNN models and most Keras Applications / Based Models. This means that it will work even if you used include_top=False to add your own final dense layers for transfer learning on some of the models listed below. In GradCAM, we are looking to target gradients flowing into the last convolutional layer.

Model Architecture Support Dimension
VGG16 ✓ (224,224)
VGG19 ✓ (224,224)
DenseNet121 ✓ (224,224)
DenseNet169 ✓ (224,224)
ResNet50 ✓ (224,224)
ResNet101 ✓ (224,224)
ResNet152 ✓ (224,224)
ResNet50V2 ✓ (224,224)
ResNet101V2 ✓ (224,224)
ResNet152V2 ✓ (224,224)
MobileNet ✓ (224,224)
MobileNetV2 ✓ (224,224)
Xception ✓ (299,299)
InceptionV3 ✓ (299,299)
InceptionResNetV2 ✓ (299,299)
EfficientNetB0 ✓ (224,224)
EfficientNetB1 ✓ (240,240)
EfficientNetB2 ✓ (260,260)
EfficientNetB3 ✓ (300,300)
EfficientNetB4 ✓ (380,380)
EfficientNetB5 ✓ (456,456)
EfficientNetB6 ✓ (528,528)
EfficientNetB7 ✓ (600,600)
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Comments
  • last_conv_layer fails for Transfer Learning Models

    last_conv_layer fails for Transfer Learning Models

    Creating a transfer learning model using Keras.Applications yields a model.summary() such as:

    Model: "model"
_________________________________________________________________
Layer (type)                 Output Shape              Param #   
=================================================================
input_2 (InputLayer)         [(None, 160, 160, 3)]     0         
_________________________________________________________________
sequential (Sequential)      (None, 160, 160, 3)       0         
_________________________________________________________________
tf.math.truediv (TFOpLambda) (None, 160, 160, 3)       0         
_________________________________________________________________
tf.math.subtract (TFOpLambda (None, 160, 160, 3)       0         
_________________________________________________________________
mobilenetv2_1.00_160 (Functi (None, 5, 5, 1280)        2257984   
_________________________________________________________________
global_average_pooling2d (Gl (None, 1280)              0         
_________________________________________________________________
dropout (Dropout)            (None, 1280)              0         
_________________________________________________________________
dense (Dense)                (None, 1)                 1281      
=================================================================
Total params: 2,259,265
Trainable params: 1,281
Non-trainable params: 2,257,984
_________________________________________________________________

    Note the Functional layer mobilenetv2_1.00_160 which hides the underlying base_model.

    VizGradCAM fails to find the last convolutional layer as it doesn't "dive into" the Functional base_model.

    opened by DocandBean 0
Owner
Curious Human
null
GitHub
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