The Python programming language

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Overview

This is Python version 3.10.0 alpha 5

CPython build status on Travis CI CPython build status on GitHub Actions CPython build status on Azure DevOps CPython code coverage on Codecov Python Zulip chat

Copyright (c) 2001-2021 Python Software Foundation. All rights reserved.

See the end of this file for further copyright and license information.

Contents

General Information

Contributing to CPython

For more complete instructions on contributing to CPython development, see the Developer Guide.

Using Python

Installable Python kits, and information about using Python, are available at python.org.

Build Instructions

On Unix, Linux, BSD, macOS, and Cygwin:

./configure
make
make test
sudo make install

This will install Python as python3.

You can pass many options to the configure script; run ./configure --help to find out more. On macOS case-insensitive file systems and on Cygwin, the executable is called python.exe; elsewhere it's just python.

Building a complete Python installation requires the use of various additional third-party libraries, depending on your build platform and configure options. Not all standard library modules are buildable or useable on all platforms. Refer to the Install dependencies section of the Developer Guide for current detailed information on dependencies for various Linux distributions and macOS.

On macOS, there are additional configure and build options related to macOS framework and universal builds. Refer to Mac/README.rst.

On Windows, see PCbuild/readme.txt.

If you wish, you can create a subdirectory and invoke configure from there. For example:

mkdir debug
cd debug
../configure --with-pydebug
make
make test

(This will fail if you also built at the top-level directory. You should do a make clean at the top-level first.)

To get an optimized build of Python, configure --enable-optimizations before you run make. This sets the default make targets up to enable Profile Guided Optimization (PGO) and may be used to auto-enable Link Time Optimization (LTO) on some platforms. For more details, see the sections below.

Profile Guided Optimization

PGO takes advantage of recent versions of the GCC or Clang compilers. If used, either via configure --enable-optimizations or by manually running make profile-opt regardless of configure flags, the optimized build process will perform the following steps:

The entire Python directory is cleaned of temporary files that may have resulted from a previous compilation.

An instrumented version of the interpreter is built, using suitable compiler flags for each flavour. Note that this is just an intermediary step. The binary resulting from this step is not good for real life workloads as it has profiling instructions embedded inside.

After the instrumented interpreter is built, the Makefile will run a training workload. This is necessary in order to profile the interpreter execution. Note also that any output, both stdout and stderr, that may appear at this step is suppressed.

The final step is to build the actual interpreter, using the information collected from the instrumented one. The end result will be a Python binary that is optimized; suitable for distribution or production installation.

Link Time Optimization

Enabled via configure's --with-lto flag. LTO takes advantage of the ability of recent compiler toolchains to optimize across the otherwise arbitrary .o file boundary when building final executables or shared libraries for additional performance gains.

What's New

We have a comprehensive overview of the changes in the What's New in Python 3.10 document. For a more detailed change log, read Misc/NEWS, but a full accounting of changes can only be gleaned from the commit history.

If you want to install multiple versions of Python, see the section below entitled "Installing multiple versions".

Documentation

Documentation for Python 3.10 is online, updated daily.

It can also be downloaded in many formats for faster access. The documentation is downloadable in HTML, PDF, and reStructuredText formats; the latter version is primarily for documentation authors, translators, and people with special formatting requirements.

For information about building Python's documentation, refer to Doc/README.rst.

Converting From Python 2.x to 3.x

Significant backward incompatible changes were made for the release of Python 3.0, which may cause programs written for Python 2 to fail when run with Python 3. For more information about porting your code from Python 2 to Python 3, see the Porting HOWTO.

Testing

To test the interpreter, type make test in the top-level directory. The test set produces some output. You can generally ignore the messages about skipped tests due to optional features which can't be imported. If a message is printed about a failed test or a traceback or core dump is produced, something is wrong.

By default, tests are prevented from overusing resources like disk space and memory. To enable these tests, run make testall.

If any tests fail, you can re-run the failing test(s) in verbose mode. For example, if test_os and test_gdb failed, you can run:

make test TESTOPTS="-v test_os test_gdb"

If the failure persists and appears to be a problem with Python rather than your environment, you can file a bug report and include relevant output from that command to show the issue.

See Running & Writing Tests for more on running tests.

Installing multiple versions

On Unix and Mac systems if you intend to install multiple versions of Python using the same installation prefix (--prefix argument to the configure script) you must take care that your primary python executable is not overwritten by the installation of a different version. All files and directories installed using make altinstall contain the major and minor version and can thus live side-by-side. make install also creates ${prefix}/bin/python3 which refers to ${prefix}/bin/pythonX.Y. If you intend to install multiple versions using the same prefix you must decide which version (if any) is your "primary" version. Install that version using make install. Install all other versions using make altinstall.

For example, if you want to install Python 2.7, 3.6, and 3.10 with 3.10 being the primary version, you would execute make install in your 3.10 build directory and make altinstall in the others.

Issue Tracker and Mailing List

Bug reports are welcome! You can use the issue tracker to report bugs, and/or submit pull requests on GitHub.

You can also follow development discussion on the python-dev mailing list.

Proposals for enhancement

If you have a proposal to change Python, you may want to send an email to the comp.lang.python or python-ideas mailing lists for initial feedback. A Python Enhancement Proposal (PEP) may be submitted if your idea gains ground. All current PEPs, as well as guidelines for submitting a new PEP, are listed at python.org/dev/peps/.

Release Schedule

See PEP 619 for Python 3.10 release details.

Copyright and License Information

Copyright (c) 2001-2021 Python Software Foundation. All rights reserved.

Copyright (c) 2000 BeOpen.com. All rights reserved.

Copyright (c) 1995-2001 Corporation for National Research Initiatives. All rights reserved.

Copyright (c) 1991-1995 Stichting Mathematisch Centrum. All rights reserved.

See the LICENSE for information on the history of this software, terms & conditions for usage, and a DISCLAIMER OF ALL WARRANTIES.

This Python distribution contains no GNU General Public License (GPL) code, so it may be used in proprietary projects. There are interfaces to some GNU code but these are entirely optional.

All trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective holders.

Comments
  • Adding a new regex module (compatible with re)

    Adding a new regex module (compatible with re)

    BPO | 2636 --- | :--- Nosy | @loewis, @birkenfeld, @gpshead, @amauryfa, @ncoghlan, @abalkin, @pitrou, @vstinner, @giampaolo, @mark-summerfield, @ssbr, @ezio-melotti, @akitada, @stevendaprano, @alex, @bitdancer, @sandrotosi, @sorcio, @ericsnowcurrently, @Fak3, @serhiy-storchaka, @jayvdb Files |

  • regex_test-20100316: Python 2.6.5 re test run against regex-20100305
  • issue2636-20101230.zip
  • remove_guards.diff

    • Note: these values reflect the state of the issue at the time it was migrated and might not reflect the current state.

    Show more details

    GitHub fields:

    assignee = None
closed_at = <Date 2021-01-25.22:30:27.300>
created_at = <Date 2008-04-15.11:57:51.375>
labels = ['expert-regex', 'type-feature', 'library']
title = 'Adding a new regex module (compatible with re)'
updated_at = <Date 2021-01-25.22:30:27.294>
user = 'https://bugs.python.org/timehorse'

    bugs.python.org fields:

    activity = <Date 2021-01-25.22:30:27.294>
actor = 'vstinner'
assignee = 'none'
closed = True
closed_date = <Date 2021-01-25.22:30:27.300>
closer = 'vstinner'
components = ['Library (Lib)', 'Regular Expressions']
creation = <Date 2008-04-15.11:57:51.375>
creator = 'timehorse'
dependencies = []
files = ['16563', '20192', '20203']
hgrepos = ['108']
issue_num = 2636
keywords = ['patch']
message_count = 334.0
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nosy_count = 43.0
nosy_names = ['loewis', 'georg.brandl', 'gregory.p.smith', 'jimjjewett', 'sjmachin', 'amaury.forgeotdarc', 'ncoghlan', 'belopolsky', 'pitrou', 'vstinner', 'nneonneo', 'giampaolo.rodola', 'rsc', 'timehorse', 'mark', 'vbr', 'Devin Jeanpierre', 'ezio.melotti', 'mrabarnett', 'jaylogan', 'akitada', 'moreati', 'steven.daprano', 'alex', 'r.david.murray', 'jacques', 'zdwiel', 'THRlWiTi', 'sandro.tosi', 'abacabadabacaba', 'stiv', 'davide.rizzo', 'mattchaput', 'ronnix', 'tshepang', 'eric.snow', 'akoumjian', 'Roman.Evstifeev', 'serhiy.storchaka', 'Mateon1', 'jayvdb', 'Socob', 'petros']
pr_nums = []
priority = 'normal'
resolution = 'rejected'
stage = 'resolved'
status = 'closed'
superseder = None
type = 'enhancement'
url = 'https://bugs.python.org/issue2636'
versions = []

    type-feature stdlib expert-regex 
    opened by f0c60cc3-3318-4c1a-b471-b3af1d161d69 334
  • Hash collision security issue

    Hash collision security issue

    BPO | 13703 --- | :--- Nosy | @malemburg, @gvanrossum, @tim-one, @loewis, @warsaw, @birkenfeld, @terryjreedy, @gpshead, @jcea, @mdickinson, @pitrou, @tiran, @benjaminp, @serwy, @merwok, @alex, @skrah, @davidmalcolm, @bz2, @markshannon, @ericsnowcurrently, @jimjjewett, @PaulMcMillan Dependencies |

  • bpo-13704: Random number generator in Python core
    • Files |
  • hash-attack.patch
  • SafeDict.py: SafeDict implementation
  • bench_startup.py
  • random-8.patch
  • hash-collision-counting-dmalcolm-2012-01-20-001.patch
  • amortized-probe-counting-dmalcolm-2012-01-20-002.patch
  • amortized-probe-counting-dmalcolm-2012-01-21-003.patch
  • hash-attack-2.patch
  • hash-attack-3.patch
  • integercollision.py
  • backport-of-hash-randomization-to-2.7-dmalcolm-2012-01-23-001.patch: Backport of haypo's random-8.patch to 2.7
  • hybrid-approach-dmalcolm-2012-01-25-001.patch: Hybrid approach to solving dict DoS attack
  • hybrid-approach-dmalcolm-2012-01-25-002.patch
  • optin-hash-randomization-for-3.1-dmalcolm-2012-01-27-001.patch
  • optin-hash-randomization-for-3.1-dmalcolm-2012-01-28-001.patch
  • optin-hash-randomization-for-3.1-dmalcolm-2012-01-29-001.patch
  • unnamed
  • optin-hash-randomization-for-3.1-dmalcolm-2012-01-30-001.patch
  • optin-hash-randomization-for-3.1-dmalcolm-2012-01-30-002.patch
  • optin-hash-randomization-for-2.6-dmalcolm-2012-01-30-001.patch
  • results-16.txt
  • add-randomization-to-2.6-dmalcolm-2012-02-01-001.patch
  • fix-broken-tests-on-2.6-dmalcolm-2012-02-01-001.patch
  • add-randomization-to-3.1-dmalcolm-2012-02-01-001.patch
  • fix-broken-tests-on-3.1-dmalcolm-2012-02-01-001.patch
  • add-randomization-to-2.6-dmalcolm-2012-02-06-001.patch
  • fix-broken-tests-on-2.6-dmalcolm-2012-02-06-001.patch
  • add-randomization-to-3.1-dmalcolm-2012-02-06-001.patch
  • fix-broken-tests-on-3.1-dmalcolm-2012-02-06-001.patch
  • add-randomization-to-2.6-dmalcolm-2012-02-11-001.patch
  • add-randomization-to-3.1-dmalcolm-2012-02-11-001.patch
  • add-randomization-to-2.6-dmalcolm-2012-02-13-001.patch
  • add-randomization-to-3.1-dmalcolm-2012-02-13-001.patch
  • hash-patch-3.1-gb-03.patch

    • Note: these values reflect the state of the issue at the time it was migrated and might not reflect the current state.

    Show more details

    GitHub fields:

    assignee = None
closed_at = <Date 2012-03-13.22:25:45.919>
created_at = <Date 2012-01-03.19:36:49.855>
labels = ['type-security', 'interpreter-core', 'release-blocker', '3.11']
title = 'Hash collision security issue'
updated_at = <Date 2021-11-08.16:57:10.080>
user = 'https://github.com/warsaw'

    bugs.python.org fields:

    activity = <Date 2021-11-08.16:57:10.080>
actor = 'vstinner'
assignee = 'none'
closed = True
closed_date = <Date 2012-03-13.22:25:45.919>
closer = 'gregory.p.smith'
components = ['Interpreter Core']
creation = <Date 2012-01-03.19:36:49.855>
creator = 'barry'
dependencies = ['13704']
files = ['24151', '24169', '24223', '24259', '24286', '24288', '24289', '24295', '24299', '24300', '24304', '24320', '24324', '24343', '24353', '24365', '24366', '24370', '24371', '24375', '24385', '24391', '24392', '24393', '24394', '24434', '24435', '24436', '24437', '24490', '24491', '24514', '24515', '24563']
hgrepos = []
issue_num = 13703
keywords = ['patch']
message_count = 328.0
messages = ['150522', '150525', '150526', '150529', '150531', '150532', '150533', '150534', '150541', '150543', '150558', '150559', '150560', '150562', '150563', '150565', '150568', '150569', '150570', '150577', '150589', '150592', '150601', '150609', '150613', '150616', '150619', '150620', '150621', '150622', '150625', '150634', '150635', '150636', '150637', '150638', '150639', '150641', '150642', '150643', '150644', '150645', '150646', '150647', '150648', '150649', '150650', '150651', '150652', '150655', '150656', '150659', '150662', '150665', '150668', '150694', '150699', '150702', '150706', '150707', '150708', '150712', '150713', '150718', '150719', '150724', '150725', '150726', '150727', '150738', '150748', '150756', '150766', '150768', '150769', '150771', '150795', '150829', '150832', '150835', '150836', '150840', '150847', '150856', '150857', '150859', '150865', '150866', '150934', '151012', '151017', '151031', '151033', '151047', '151048', '151061', '151062', '151063', '151064', '151065', '151069', '151070', '151071', '151073', '151074', '151078', '151092', '151120', '151121', '151122', '151157', '151158', '151159', '151167', '151353', '151401', '151402', '151419', '151422', '151448', '151449', '151468', '151472', '151474', '151484', '151519', '151528', '151560', '151561', '151565', '151566', '151567', '151574', '151582', '151583', '151584', '151585', '151586', '151589', '151590', '151596', '151604', '151617', '151620', '151625', '151626', '151628', '151629', '151632', '151633', '151647', '151662', '151664', '151677', '151679', '151680', '151681', '151682', '151684', '151685', '151689', '151691', '151699', '151700', '151701', '151703', '151707', '151714', '151731', '151734', '151735', '151737', '151739', '151744', '151745', '151747', '151748', '151753', '151754', '151756', '151758', '151794', '151796', '151798', '151812', '151813', '151814', '151815', '151825', '151826', '151847', '151850', '151867', '151869', '151870', '151939', '151941', '151942', '151944', '151956', '151959', '151960', '151961', '151965', '151966', '151967', '151970', '151973', '151977', '151984', '152030', '152033', '152037', '152039', '152040', '152041', '152043', '152046', '152051', '152057', '152060', '152066', '152070', '152104', '152112', '152117', '152118', '152125', '152146', '152149', '152183', '152186', '152199', '152200', '152203', '152204', '152270', '152271', '152275', '152276', '152299', '152300', '152309', '152311', '152315', '152335', '152344', '152352', '152362', '152364', '152422', '152452', '152453', '152723', '152730', '152731', '152732', '152734', '152740', '152747', '152753', '152754', '152755', '152758', '152760', '152763', '152764', '152767', '152768', '152769', '152777', '152780', '152781', '152784', '152787', '152789', '152797', '152811', '152855', '153055', '153074', '153081', '153082', '153140', '153141', '153143', '153144', '153297', '153301', '153369', '153395', '153682', '153683', '153690', '153695', '153750', '153753', '153798', '153802', '153817', '153833', '153848', '153849', '153850', '153852', '153853', '153854', '153860', '153861', '153862', '153868', '153872', '153873', '153877', '153975', '153980', '154428', '154430', '154432', '154853', '155293', '155472', '155527', '155680', '155681', '155682', '405727', '405745']
nosy_count = 36.0
nosy_names = ['lemburg', 'gvanrossum', 'tim.peters', 'loewis', 'barry', 'georg.brandl', 'terry.reedy', 'gregory.p.smith', 'jcea', 'mark.dickinson', 'pitrou', 'christian.heimes', 'benjamin.peterson', 'roger.serwy', 'eric.araujo', 'grahamd', 'Arfrever', 'v+python', 'alex', 'cvrebert', 'zbysz', 'skrah', 'dmalcolm', 'gz', 'neologix', 'Arach', 'Mark.Shannon', 'python-dev', 'eric.snow', 'Zhiping.Deng', 'Huzaifa.Sidhpurwala', 'Jim.Jewett', 'PaulMcMillan', 'fx5', 'skorgu', 'jsvaughan']
pr_nums = []
priority = 'release blocker'
resolution = 'fixed'
stage = 'needs patch'
status = 'closed'
superseder = None
type = 'security'
url = 'https://bugs.python.org/issue13703'
versions = ['Python 3.11']

    type-security interpreter-core release-blocker 3.11 
    opened by warsaw 328
  • Py_Finalize() doesn't clear all Python objects at exit

    Py_Finalize() doesn't clear all Python objects at exit

    BPO | 1635741 --- | :--- Nosy | @amauryfa, @orsenthil, @vstinner, @tiran, @phsilva, @encukou, @ambv, @ericsnowcurrently, @serhiy-storchaka, @phmc, @DimitrisJim, @corona10, @miss-islington, @shihai1991, @erlend-aasland, @koubaa, @h-vetinari, @csabesz88, @kumaraditya303, @CharlieZhao95 PRs |

  • python/cpython#17835
  • python/cpython#17883
  • python/cpython#18030
  • python/cpython#18032
  • python/cpython#18049
  • python/cpython#18050
  • python/cpython#18065
  • python/cpython#18066
  • python/cpython#18358
  • python/cpython#18365
  • python/cpython#18374
  • python/cpython#18404
  • python/cpython#18486
  • python/cpython#18608
  • python/cpython#18613
  • python/cpython#19012
  • python/cpython#19015
  • python/cpython#19018
  • python/cpython#19022
  • python/cpython#19021
  • python/cpython#19044
  • python/cpython#19057
  • python/cpython#19069
  • python/cpython#19071
  • python/cpython#19074
  • python/cpython#19084
  • python/cpython#19100
  • python/cpython#19107
  • python/cpython#19122
  • python/cpython#19128
  • python/cpython#19135
  • python/cpython#19140
  • python/cpython#19150
  • python/cpython#19151
  • python/cpython#19242
  • python/cpython#19243
  • python/cpython#19252
  • python/cpython#19307
  • python/cpython#19382
  • python/cpython#19459
  • python/cpython#19798
  • python/cpython#19822
  • python/cpython#19907
  • python/cpython#19923
  • python/cpython#20540
  • python/cpython#20763
  • python/cpython#20808
  • python/cpython#20848
  • python/cpython#20920
  • python/cpython#21087
  • python/cpython#21168
  • python/cpython#21189
  • python/cpython#21269
  • python/cpython#21270
  • python/cpython#21294
  • python/cpython#21319
  • python/cpython#21371
  • python/cpython#21375
  • python/cpython#21378
  • python/cpython#21418
  • python/cpython#21605
  • python/cpython#21818
  • python/cpython#21855
  • python/cpython#21856
  • python/cpython#21896
  • python/cpython#21902
  • python/cpython#21985
  • python/cpython#21986
  • python/cpython#21995
  • python/cpython#22003
  • python/cpython#22049
  • python/cpython#22050
  • python/cpython#22051
  • python/cpython#22131
  • python/cpython#22134
  • python/cpython#22139
  • python/cpython#22145
  • python/cpython#22148
  • python/cpython#22149
  • python/cpython#22164
  • python/cpython#22165
  • python/cpython#22220
  • python/cpython#22222
  • python/cpython#22240
  • python/cpython#22242
  • python/cpython#22328
  • python/cpython#22415
  • python/cpython#22478
  • python/cpython#22489
  • python/cpython#22490
  • python/cpython#22712
  • python/cpython#22713
  • python/cpython#22838
  • python/cpython#22880
  • python/cpython#23091
  • python/cpython#23122
  • python/cpython#23146
  • python/cpython#23147
  • python/cpython#23148
  • python/cpython#23151
  • python/cpython#23170
  • python/cpython#23139
  • python/cpython#23188
  • python/cpython#23234
  • python/cpython#23236
  • python/cpython#23304
  • python/cpython#23358
  • python/cpython#23359
  • python/cpython#23360
  • python/cpython#23361
  • python/cpython#23376
  • python/cpython#23377
  • python/cpython#23378
  • python/cpython#23379
  • python/cpython#23381
  • python/cpython#23390
  • python/cpython#23393
  • python/cpython#23398
  • python/cpython#23401
  • python/cpython#23402
  • python/cpython#23404
  • python/cpython#23406
  • python/cpython#23409
  • python/cpython#23462
  • python/cpython#23443
  • python/cpython#23443
  • python/cpython#23535
  • python/cpython#23598
  • python/cpython#23793
  • python/cpython#23811
  • python/cpython#23972
  • python/cpython#24095
  • python/cpython#24175
  • python/cpython#24205
  • python/cpython#30522
  • python/cpython#30525
  • python/cpython#30744
  • python/cpython#31555
  • python/cpython#31560

    • Note: these values reflect the state of the issue at the time it was migrated and might not reflect the current state.

    Show more details

    GitHub fields:

    assignee = None
closed_at = <Date 2022-01-27.13:42:43.202>
created_at = <Date 2007-01-15.10:26:05.000>
labels = ['expert-subinterpreters', 'interpreter-core', '3.11', 'performance']
title = "Py_Finalize() doesn't clear all Python objects at exit"
updated_at = <Date 2022-02-25.11:34:18.230>
user = 'https://bugs.python.org/kylotan'

    bugs.python.org fields:

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priority = 'normal'
resolution = 'fixed'
stage = 'resolved'
status = 'closed'
superseder = None
type = 'resource usage'
url = 'https://bugs.python.org/issue1635741'
versions = ['Python 3.11']

    performance interpreter-core 3.11 expert-subinterpreters 
    opened by 643190f8-1196-46ee-bc5d-5687e07c3393 188
  • Steps for Android Native Build of Python 3.4.2

    Steps for Android Native Build of Python 3.4.2

    BPO | 23496 --- | :--- Nosy | @terryjreedy, @vstinner, @bitdancer, @freakboy3742, @ericsnowcurrently, @Fak3, @refi64, @mpaolini, @tritium21, @yan12125 Dependencies |

  • bpo-16353: add function to os module for getting path to default shell
  • bpo-20305: Android's incomplete locale.h implementation prevents cross-compilation
  • bpo-21668: The select and time modules uses libm functions without linking against it
    • Files |
  • patch.diff: patch for pythonrun.c
  • android_segfault_fix.patch
  • kbox_fix.patch
  • issue_16353.patch
  • issue_20305_tweaked.patch
  • issue_21668.patch
  • unused_var.patch
  • rjmatthews62_fixes_tweaked.patch
  • androidfn.patch
  • issue_20306.patch
  • rjmatthews64_fixes2.patch
  • rjmatthews64_fixes2.patch
  • rjmatthews64_fixes2.patch
  • kbox_fix.patch
  • python.patch: patch for python.c. that prevents android segfault
  • kbox_fix.patch
  • lib_fixes.patch
  • py_test_results.log: ./python -m test log
  • test_gdb.log

    • Note: these values reflect the state of the issue at the time it was migrated and might not reflect the current state.

    Show more details

    GitHub fields:

    assignee = None
closed_at = <Date 2019-10-22.23:47:24.109>
created_at = <Date 2015-02-21.20:46:56.960>
labels = ['type-feature', 'build']
title = 'Steps for Android Native Build of Python 3.4.2'
updated_at = <Date 2019-10-22.23:47:24.108>
user = 'https://bugs.python.org/chaselton'

    bugs.python.org fields:

    activity = <Date 2019-10-22.23:47:24.108>
actor = 'vstinner'
assignee = 'none'
closed = True
closed_date = <Date 2019-10-22.23:47:24.109>
closer = 'vstinner'
components = ['Build']
creation = <Date 2015-02-21.20:46:56.960>
creator = 'chaselton'
dependencies = ['16353', '20305', '21668']
files = ['38201', '38575', '38576', '38577', '38578', '38580', '38581', '38582', '38846', '38853', '38880', '38881', '38884', '39134', '39135', '39628', '39629', '40002', '40586']
hgrepos = []
issue_num = 23496
keywords = ['patch']
message_count = 177.0
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pr_nums = []
priority = 'normal'
resolution = 'fixed'
stage = 'resolved'
status = 'closed'
superseder = None
type = 'enhancement'
url = 'https://bugs.python.org/issue23496'
versions = ['Python 3.4']

    type-feature build 
    opened by 1bf5feec-1bc6-472f-8176-3d63f6747b23 177
  • Python 3.5 running on Linux kernel 3.17+ can block at startup or on importing the random module on getrandom()

    Python 3.5 running on Linux kernel 3.17+ can block at startup or on importing the random module on getrandom()

    BPO | 26839 --- | :--- Nosy | @malemburg, @rhettinger, @doko42, @ncoghlan, @vstinner, @larryhastings, @matejcik, @ned-deily, @alex, @skrah, @vadmium, @ztane, @dstufft, @Lukasa, @tpetazzoni Files |

  • nonblocking-getrandom.diff: Patch to py_getrandom to use nonblocking system call, and associated plumbing.
  • getrandom-nonblocking-v2.patch: Patch random.c to use nonblocking getrandom()
  • getrandom-nonblocking-v3.patch: Patch random.c to use nonblocking getrandom() (cleaned-up version).
  • getrandom_nonblocking_v4.patch
  • nonblocking_urandom_noraise.patch
  • no-urandom-by-default.diff

    • Note: these values reflect the state of the issue at the time it was migrated and might not reflect the current state.

    Show more details

    GitHub fields:

    assignee = None
closed_at = <Date 2016-06-11.08:46:07.323>
created_at = <Date 2016-04-24.19:04:13.945>
labels = ['interpreter-core', 'type-bug', 'release-blocker']
title = 'Python 3.5 running on Linux kernel 3.17+ can block at startup or on importing the random module on getrandom()'
updated_at = <Date 2016-06-15.20:00:44.118>
user = 'https://github.com/doko42'

    bugs.python.org fields:

    activity = <Date 2016-06-15.20:00:44.118>
actor = 'vstinner'
assignee = 'none'
closed = True
closed_date = <Date 2016-06-11.08:46:07.323>
closer = 'larry'
components = ['Interpreter Core']
creation = <Date 2016-04-24.19:04:13.945>
creator = 'doko'
dependencies = []
files = ['42837', '42842', '43265', '43267', '43278', '43282']
hgrepos = []
issue_num = 26839
keywords = ['patch']
message_count = 172.0
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nosy_count = 19.0
nosy_names = ['lemburg', 'rhettinger', 'doko', 'ncoghlan', 'vstinner', 'larry', 'matejcik', 'ned.deily', 'alex', 'skrah', 'python-dev', 'martin.panter', 'ztane', 'dstufft', 'pitti', 'Lukasa', 'thomas-petazzoni', 'Colm Buckley', 'Theodore Tso']
pr_nums = []
priority = 'release blocker'
resolution = 'fixed'
stage = 'resolved'
status = 'closed'
superseder = None
type = 'behavior'
url = 'https://bugs.python.org/issue26839'
versions = ['Python 3.5', 'Python 3.6']

    type-bug interpreter-core release-blocker 
    opened by doko42 172
  • Missing *-unpacking generalizations

    Missing *-unpacking generalizations

    BPO | 2292 --- | :--- Nosy | @gvanrossum, @Yhg1s, @birkenfeld, @terryjreedy, @pfmoore, @ncoghlan, @abalkin, @scoder, @larryhastings, @benjaminp, @ezio-melotti, @agbuckley, @bitdancer, @ethanfurman, @ericsnowcurrently, @berkerpeksag, @serhiy-storchaka, @1st1, @zooba, @phmc, @NeilGirdhar Files |

  • starunpack.diff
  • starunpack2.diff
  • starunpack3.diff
  • starunpack4.diff
  • starunpack5.diff
  • starunpack6.diff
  • starunpack6.diff
  • starunpack7.diff
  • starunpack8.diff
  • starunpack9.diff
  • starunpack10.diff
  • starunpack11.diff
  • starunpack12.diff
  • starunpack13.diff
  • starunpack14.diff
  • starunpack15.diff
  • starunpack16.diff
  • starunpack17.diff
  • starunpack18.diff
  • starunpack19.diff
  • starunpack20.diff
  • starunpack21.diff
  • starunpack22.diff
  • starunpack23.diff
  • starunpack24.diff
  • starunpack25.diff
  • starunpack26.diff
  • starunpack27.diff
  • starunpack28.diff
  • starunpack29.diff
  • starunpack30.diff
  • starunpack31.diff
  • starunpack32.diff
  • starunpack33.diff
  • starunpack34.diff
  • starunpack35.diff
  • starunpack36.diff
  • starunpack37.diff
  • starunpack38.diff
  • starunpack39.diff
  • starunpack40.diff
  • starunpack41.diff
  • starunpack42.diff

    • Note: these values reflect the state of the issue at the time it was migrated and might not reflect the current state.

    Show more details

    GitHub fields:

    assignee = 'https://github.com/benjaminp'
closed_at = <Date 2015-05-06.00:17:23.889>
created_at = <Date 2008-03-15.15:41:19.194>
labels = ['interpreter-core', 'type-feature', 'release-blocker']
title = 'Missing *-unpacking generalizations'
updated_at = <Date 2017-02-11.15:40:07.206>
user = 'https://github.com/Yhg1s'

    bugs.python.org fields:

    activity = <Date 2017-02-11.15:40:07.206>
actor = 'serhiy.storchaka'
assignee = 'benjamin.peterson'
closed = True
closed_date = <Date 2015-05-06.00:17:23.889>
closer = 'benjamin.peterson'
components = ['Interpreter Core']
creation = <Date 2008-03-15.15:41:19.194>
creator = 'twouters'
dependencies = []
files = ['9955', '32670', '37779', '37788', '37790', '37791', '37792', '37795', '37798', '37799', '37801', '37805', '37806', '37811', '37821', '37851', '37852', '37853', '37854', '37866', '37867', '37871', '37876', '37877', '37896', '37911', '37920', '37921', '37925', '37926', '37928', '38062', '38070', '38252', '38253', '38341', '38395', '38429', '38611', '38613', '38856', '39059', '39230']
hgrepos = []
issue_num = 2292
keywords = ['patch']
message_count = 172.0
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url = 'https://bugs.python.org/issue2292'
versions = ['Python 3.5']

    type-feature interpreter-core release-blocker 
    opened by Yhg1s 172
  • windows console doesn't print or input Unicode

    windows console doesn't print or input Unicode

    BPO | 1602 --- | :--- Nosy | @malemburg, @mhammond, @terryjreedy, @pfmoore, @amauryfa, @ncoghlan, @pitrou, @giampaolo, @tjguk, @mark-summerfield, @ned-deily, @ezio-melotti, @florentx, @4kir4, @lilydjwg, @berkerpeksag, @vadmium, @eryksun, @zooba, @davispuh Superseder |

  • bpo-28217: Add interactive console tests
    • Files |
  • sys_write_stdout.patch
  • unicode2.py
  • doc-patch.diff: Proposed changes to user-visible documentation
  • unicode3.py
  • win_console.patch
  • test_win_console.py
  • streams.py
  • wincontest.py: Example io.TextIOWrapper sublcass using WideCharToMultiByte
  • winconsoleio.diff
  • 1602_2.patch
  • 1602_3.patch
  • 1602_4.patch
  • 1602_5.patch
  • 1602_6.patch

    • Note: these values reflect the state of the issue at the time it was migrated and might not reflect the current state.

    Show more details

    GitHub fields:

    assignee = 'https://github.com/zooba'
closed_at = <Date 2016-09-09.16:42:53.594>
created_at = <Date 2007-12-12.09:56:30.846>
labels = ['type-bug', 'expert-unicode', 'OS-windows']
title = "windows console doesn't print or input Unicode"
updated_at = <Date 2016-10-22.10:46:13.515>
user = 'https://github.com/mark-summerfield'

    bugs.python.org fields:

    activity = <Date 2016-10-22.10:46:13.515>
actor = 'THRlWiTi'
assignee = 'steve.dower'
closed = True
closed_date = <Date 2016-09-09.16:42:53.594>
closer = 'steve.dower'
components = ['Unicode', 'Windows']
creation = <Date 2007-12-12.09:56:30.846>
creator = 'mark'
dependencies = []
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url = 'https://bugs.python.org/issue1602'
versions = ['Python 3.6']

    type-bug OS-windows expert-unicode 
    opened by a09e2537-b6b9-4978-9d1d-78b1db358cbc 148
  • Problems with Py_buffer management in memoryobject.c (and elsewhere?)

    Problems with Py_buffer management in memoryobject.c (and elsewhere?)

    BPO | 10181 --- | :--- Nosy | @loewis, @pfmoore, @mdickinson, @ncoghlan, @pitrou, @kristjanvalur, @vstinner, @pv, @skrah, @akheron Files |

  • pybuffer.diff
  • buffer-interface-clarify.patch: Clarifying the behavior of the buffer interface (for discussion, probably shouldn't be applied as-is)
  • bbe70ca4e0e5.diff: PyManagedBuffer implementation
  • 718801740bde.diff: PyManagedBuffer implementation #2
  • 78fb1181787a.diff: Add Modules/_testbuffer.c and Lib/test/test_buffer.py
  • 70a8ccd53ade.diff: Fixed suboffsets representation in _testbuffer.c
  • 51cedae5acfc.diff: PyManagedBuffer, native format, complete 1D slicing, casts
  • 4492afe05a07.diff: Handle objects with an index() method.
  • 8dd9f0ea4876.diff
  • a5c4a96dc981.diff
  • issue10181-news.diff

    • Note: these values reflect the state of the issue at the time it was migrated and might not reflect the current state.

    Show more details

    GitHub fields:

    assignee = None
closed_at = <Date 2012-03-01.08:32:50.822>
created_at = <Date 2010-10-23.18:22:37.367>
labels = ['interpreter-core', 'type-crash']
title = 'Problems with Py_buffer management in memoryobject.c (and elsewhere?)'
updated_at = <Date 2012-04-09.08:15:56.593>
user = 'https://bugs.python.org/rupole'

    bugs.python.org fields:

    activity = <Date 2012-04-09.08:15:56.593>
actor = 'joshtriplett'
assignee = 'none'
closed = True
closed_date = <Date 2012-03-01.08:32:50.822>
closer = 'skrah'
components = ['Interpreter Core']
creation = <Date 2010-10-23.18:22:37.367>
creator = 'rupole'
dependencies = []
files = ['20282', '20756', '22564', '22577', '22873', '22909', '23119', '23185', '24323', '24381', '24629']
hgrepos = ['36']
issue_num = 10181
keywords = ['patch']
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pr_nums = []
priority = 'normal'
resolution = 'fixed'
stage = 'resolved'
status = 'closed'
superseder = None
type = 'crash'
url = 'https://bugs.python.org/issue10181'
versions = ['Python 3.3']

    interpreter-core type-crash 
    opened by 8e06f10c-4750-4034-a995-c3e4932e02af 147
  • Linux 3: code should avoid using sys.platform == 'linux2'

    Linux 3: code should avoid using sys.platform == 'linux2'

    BPO | 12326 --- | :--- Nosy | @malemburg, @loewis, @warsaw, @birkenfeld, @doko42, @amauryfa, @pitrou, @vstinner, @larryhastings, @benjaminp, @jwilk, @djc, @ezio-melotti, @merwok, @bitdancer, @davidmalcolm, @sandrotosi, @akheron Files |

  • linux3-v2.patch
  • configure_linux2.python3.2.patch

    • Note: these values reflect the state of the issue at the time it was migrated and might not reflect the current state.

    Show more details

    GitHub fields:

    assignee = None
closed_at = <Date 2011-09-05.20:39:30.835>
created_at = <Date 2011-06-13.14:34:41.657>
labels = ['type-bug', 'release-blocker']
title = "Linux 3: code should avoid using sys.platform == 'linux2'"
updated_at = <Date 2011-10-04.14:24:53.642>
user = 'https://bugs.python.org/neologix'

    bugs.python.org fields:

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actor = 'barry'
assignee = 'none'
closed = True
closed_date = <Date 2011-09-05.20:39:30.835>
closer = 'vstinner'
components = []
creation = <Date 2011-06-13.14:34:41.657>
creator = 'neologix'
dependencies = []
files = ['22917', '22946']
hgrepos = []
issue_num = 12326
keywords = ['patch']
message_count = 145.0
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nosy_count = 25.0
nosy_names = ['lemburg', 'loewis', 'barry', 'georg.brandl', 'doko', 'amaury.forgeotdarc', 'gagern', 'foom', 'pitrou', 'vstinner', 'larry', 'benjamin.peterson', 'jwilk', 'djc', 'ezio.melotti', 'eric.araujo', 'Arfrever', 'Retro', 'r.david.murray', 'dmalcolm', 'sandro.tosi', 'rosslagerwall', 'python-dev', 'petri.lehtinen', 'Ramchandra Apte']
pr_nums = []
priority = 'release blocker'
resolution = 'fixed'
stage = 'resolved'
status = 'closed'
superseder = None
type = 'behavior'
url = 'https://bugs.python.org/issue12326'
versions = ['Python 2.7', 'Python 3.2', 'Python 3.3']

    type-bug release-blocker 
    opened by 79528080-9d85-4d18-8a2a-8b1f07640dd7 145
  • xz compressor support

    xz compressor support

    BPO | 6715 --- | :--- Nosy | @loewis, @warsaw, @birkenfeld, @doko42, @jcea, @amauryfa, @arekm, @gustaebel, @pitrou, @vstinner, @ned-deily, @merwok, @asvetlov, @peterjc, @shirishag75, @postmasters Files |

  • py3k-lzmamodule.patch: lzmamodule patch against py3k branch
  • teststring.lzma: Lib/test/teststring.lzma
  • teststring.xz: Lib/test/teststring.xz
  • lzma-win32.diff
  • 9276fc685c05.diff
  • archiving-modules-links.diff

    • Note: these values reflect the state of the issue at the time it was migrated and might not reflect the current state.

    Show more details

    GitHub fields:

    assignee = None
closed_at = <Date 2012-03-06.11:30:58.611>
created_at = <Date 2009-08-17.09:47:22.775>
labels = ['type-feature', 'library']
title = 'xz compressor support'
updated_at = <Date 2013-01-05.00:13:47.349>
user = 'https://bugs.python.org/devurandom'

    bugs.python.org fields:

    activity = <Date 2013-01-05.00:13:47.349>
actor = 'maubp'
assignee = 'nadeem.vawda'
closed = True
closed_date = <Date 2012-03-06.11:30:58.611>
closer = 'nadeem.vawda'
components = ['Library (Lib)']
creation = <Date 2009-08-17.09:47:22.775>
creator = 'devurandom'
dependencies = []
files = ['19405', '19406', '19407', '23371', '23732', '23820']
hgrepos = ['64']
issue_num = 6715
keywords = ['patch']
message_count = 138.0
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nosy_count = 31.0
nosy_names = ['loewis', 'barry', 'georg.brandl', 'doko', 'jcea', 'amaury.forgeotdarc', 'arekm', 'lars.gustaebel', 'pitrou', 'vstinner', 'nadeem.vawda', 'ned.deily', 'nicdumz', 'eric.araujo', 'Christophe Simonis', 'rcoyner', 'proyvind', 'asvetlov', 'nikratio', 'leonov', 'Garen', 'ysj.ray', 'thedjatclubrock', 'ockham-razor', 'maubp', 'strombrg', 'shirish', 'tshepang', 'python-dev', 'jeremybanks', 'Nam.Nguyen']
pr_nums = []
priority = 'high'
resolution = 'fixed'
stage = 'resolved'
status = 'closed'
superseder = None
type = 'enhancement'
url = 'https://bugs.python.org/issue6715'
versions = ['Python 3.3']

    type-feature stdlib 
    opened by 1562ced0-0aea-4dbd-a287-b8a12bfca88a 138
  • Add OrderedDict written in C

    Add OrderedDict written in C

    BPO | 16991 --- | :--- Nosy | @rhettinger, @gpshead, @ncoghlan, @pitrou, @scoder, @ericvsmith, @tiran, @benjaminp, @ned-deily, @ezio-melotti, @merwok, @alex, @asvetlov, @skrah, @florentx, @markshannon, @ericsnowcurrently, @jimjjewett, @serhiy-storchaka, @1st1, @westurner, @refi64, @MojoVampire Files |

  • odict-speed.diff: pybench addition for OrderedDict
  • cOrderedDict.diff
  • cOrderedDict-2.diff
  • cOrderedDict-3.diff
  • cOrderedDict-4.diff
  • 3b2a9026d48e.diff
  • c3fab329aa7f.diff
  • ba1c6d40ca63.diff
  • 0813b1a88171.diff
  • odict-windows.diff
  • crash-1.py
  • crash-2.py

    • Note: these values reflect the state of the issue at the time it was migrated and might not reflect the current state.

    Show more details

    GitHub fields:

    assignee = 'https://github.com/ericsnowcurrently'
closed_at = <Date 2015-06-01.16:26:38.776>
created_at = <Date 2013-01-18.04:08:30.389>
labels = ['interpreter-core', 'type-feature', 'release-blocker']
title = 'Add OrderedDict written in C'
updated_at = <Date 2015-06-02.14:01:03.238>
user = 'https://github.com/ericsnowcurrently'

    bugs.python.org fields:

    activity = <Date 2015-06-02.14:01:03.238>
actor = 'eric.snow'
assignee = 'eric.snow'
closed = True
closed_date = <Date 2015-06-01.16:26:38.776>
closer = 'eric.snow'
components = ['Interpreter Core']
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creator = 'eric.snow'
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files = ['30461', '30661', '32262', '38753', '39445', '39496', '39499', '39500', '39566', '39567', '39581', '39582']
hgrepos = ['309']
issue_num = 16991
keywords = ['patch']
message_count = 134.0
messages = ['180170', '180176', '180202', '180236', '180640', '180682', '180688', '180690', '181421', '181422', '182132', '182134', '182145', '182147', '182214', '184801', '184835', '189891', '189893', '189895', '189897', '190589', '190590', '190639', '190640', '190643', '191557', '200607', '209700', '209744', '209831', '215971', '231087', '232412', '232803', '232825', '232828', '239665', '239666', '239740', '239761', '239867', '239871', '243096', '243121', '243123', '243343', '243358', '243371', '243379', '243492', '243699', '243702', '243705', '243706', '243714', '243715', '243716', '243726', '243733', '243749', '243753', '243799', '243801', '243802', '243803', '243806', '243807', '243843', '243849', '243863', '243868', '243903', '243915', '243959', '243960', '243964', '243965', '243966', '244005', '244039', '244040', '244044', '244046', '244047', '244048', '244053', '244054', '244067', '244070', '244071', '244073', '244074', '244076', '244122', '244380', '244401', '244402', '244421', '244436', '244437', '244438', '244439', '244440', '244441', '244442', '244462', '244463', '244464', '244465', '244466', '244467', '244468', '244469', '244475', '244476', '244478', '244480', '244481', '244484', '244486', '244491', '244492', '244493', '244496', '244499', '244535', '244574', '244575', '244586', '244587', '244600', '244664', '244668']
nosy_count = 29.0
nosy_names = ['rhettinger', 'gregory.p.smith', 'ncoghlan', 'pitrou', 'scoder', 'eric.smith', 'christian.heimes', 'benjamin.peterson', 'ned.deily', 'ezio.melotti', 'eric.araujo', 'mrabarnett', 'Arfrever', 'alex', 'asvetlov', 'skrah', 'flox', 'BreamoreBoy', 'Mark.Shannon', 'python-dev', 'eric.snow', 'Jim.Jewett', 'serhiy.storchaka', 'yselivanov', 'westurner', 'refi64', 'josh.r', 'tonn81', 'introom']
pr_nums = []
priority = 'release blocker'
resolution = 'fixed'
stage = 'resolved'
status = 'closed'
superseder = None
type = 'enhancement'
url = 'https://bugs.python.org/issue16991'
versions = ['Python 3.5']

    type-feature interpreter-core release-blocker 
    opened by ericsnowcurrently 134
  • [3.11] GH-100805: Support numpy.array() in random.choice(). (GH-100830)

    [3.11] GH-100805: Support numpy.array() in random.choice(). (GH-100830)

    (cherry picked from commit 9a68ff12c3e647a4f8dd935919ae296593770a6b)

    Co-authored-by: Raymond Hettinger [email protected]

    • Issue: gh-100805

    Automerge-Triggered-By: GH:rhettinger

    type-bug awaiting merge :robot: automerge 
    opened by miss-islington 0
  • [3.7] Bump Azure Pipelines to ubuntu-20.04

    [3.7] Bump Azure Pipelines to ubuntu-20.04

    The 3.7 branch builds on Azure Pipelines is failing, for example:

    ##[warning]An image label with the label ubuntu-16.04 does not exist.
,##[error]The remote provider was unable to process the request.
    • https://dev.azure.com/Python/cpython/_build/results?buildId=118919&view=logs&j=341b3d8e-0d13-57d4-859b-65d31dcbc29e
    • https://github.com/python/cpython/pull/100853

    The main and 3.11-3.8 branches were already bumped to ubuntu-20.04 by https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/89170, which didn't make it back to 3.7.

    Alternatively, we could use ubuntu-22.04 for all branches, or the ubuntu-latest alias which is now pointing to ubuntu-22.04.

    • https://github.com/actions/runner-images#available-images
    skip issue awaiting core review skip news 
    opened by hugovk 1
  • [3.7] Update copyright years to 2023. (gh-100848).

    [3.7] Update copyright years to 2023. (gh-100848).

    (cherry picked from commit 11f99323c2ae0ec428c370a335695e3d8d4afc1d)

    Co-authored-by: Benjamin Peterson [email protected]

    skip issue awaiting core review skip news 
    opened by benjaminp 0
  • [3.8] Update copyright years to 2023. (gh-100848).

    [3.8] Update copyright years to 2023. (gh-100848).

    (cherry picked from commit 11f99323c2ae0ec428c370a335695e3d8d4afc1d)

    Co-authored-by: Benjamin Peterson [email protected]

    skip issue awaiting core review skip news 
    opened by benjaminp 0
  • [3.9] Update copyright years to 2023. (gh-100848).

    [3.9] Update copyright years to 2023. (gh-100848).

    (cherry picked from commit 11f99323c2ae0ec428c370a335695e3d8d4afc1d)

    Co-authored-by: Benjamin Peterson [email protected]

    skip issue awaiting core review skip news 
    opened by benjaminp 0
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