Pymwp is a tool for automatically performing static analysis on programs written in C

Overview

pymwp: MWP analysis in Python

build codecov PyPI - Python Version PyPI

pymwp is a tool for automatically performing static analysis on programs written in C, inspired by "A Flow Calculus of mwp-Bounds for Complexity Analysis". It analyzes resource usage and determines if a program's variables growth rates are no more than polynomially related to their inputs sizes. You can run our many examples on-line in our demo before installing it, or consult our list of supported C language features.

Documentation and Demo

Refer to statycc.github.io/pymwp for a documentation of our modules, an on-line demo as well as a presentation of our examples.

Installation

Install latest release from PyPI

pip install pymwp

How to Use

To analyze a C file, run:

pymwp path/to_some_file.c

For all available options and help, run:

pymwp

You can also use pymwp in a Python script:

from pymwp import Polynomial
from pymwp.matrix import identity_matrix, show

matrix = identity_matrix(3)
matrix[0][1] = Polynomial('m')
matrix[1][0] = Polynomial('w')
matrix[2][1] = Polynomial('p')

show(matrix)

See documentation for available modules and methods.

Running from source

If you want to use the latest stable version (possibly ahead of latest release), use the version from source following these steps.

  1. Clone the repository

    git clone https://github.com/statycc/pymwp.git
  2. Set up Python environment

    install required packages

    pip install -q -r requirements.txt
  3. Run the analysis

    From project root run:

    python -m pymwp path/to_some_file.c

    for example:

    python -m pymwp c_files/basics/if.c

    for all available options and help, run:

    python -m pymwp
Comments
  • TU `test_analyze_simple_infinite` does not pass on branch `simpl`

    TU `test_analyze_simple_infinite` does not pass on branch `simpl`

    Test on infinite_2.c with fc2068cdedf9560879294b71f009ee780cf3ca86

    int main(){
        int X0=1, X1=1;
        while(X1<10){
            X0 = X1*X0;
            X1 = X1+X0;
        }
    }
    

    Fail with :

    >           assert str(relation.matrix[0][0].list[2]) == 'i.delta(0,0).delta(0,1)'
    E           AssertionError: assert 'i.delta(1,0)' == 'i.delta(0,0).delta(0,1)'
    E             - i.delta(0,0).delta(0,1)
    E             + i.delta(1,0)
    

    Maybe we should check by hand that output values ?

    opened by ThomasRuby 23
  • Simplify sums

    Simplify sums

    A small comment, but for instance

    int main(){
        int y1, y2;
        y2 = y1 + y1;
    }
    

    gives

    y2    |     +o  +o
    y1    |     +o+w.delta(0,0)+p.delta(1,0)+w.delta(2,0)  +m
    

    we could get rid of the +o in the lower-left corner.

    opened by aubertc 18
  • Variable mismatch / ignored

    Variable mismatch / ignored

    The following program:

    int main(){
        x2 = x3 + x1;
        x4 = x2;
    }
    

    gives

    --- Affiche <relation_list.RelationList object at 0x7f54084e7ef0> ---
    1:
    x2    |     +o  +o  +o
    x3    |     +o+w.delta(0,0)+m.delta(1,0)+p.delta(2,0)  +m  +o
    x1    |     +o+w.delta(0,0)+p.delta(1,0)+m.delta(2,0)  +o  +m
    --- FIN ---
    [[0], [1], [2]]
    

    As we can see, x4 is simply not accounted for.

    opened by aubertc 15
  • Re-organize example folder

    Re-organize example folder

    I've started to re-organize the example folder a bit with https://github.com/seiller/pymwp/commit/e261323f5f8d9d1ff50789881d2121810a5b8677

    A couple of observations:

    • the "readme" at https://github.com/seiller/pymwp/blob/tests-examples/c_files/readme.md is very basics, we will have to expand it more "tutorial" style.
    • It would be profitable to have "the usual examples" of non-polynomial programs (typically, exponential computation),
    • I was a bit dumb and created this branch before https://github.com/seiller/pymwp/pull/20 was created. As a result, some tests are not correct, but I suspect they have been fixed since.
    • I have not changed the https://github.com/seiller/pymwp/tree/tests-examples/tests files, so I probably broke a couple of things.
    • We need to discuss the fact that most / some of those programs cannot be compiled.

    As of now,

    • basics/declaration.c should give an identity matrix of dimension 1.
    • basics/assign_value.c should give a matrix containing 0.
    • basics/assign_variable.c should returns [m m // 0 0] (x / y).
    • basics/if_else.c should returns [m m // m m](x / y) I believe.
    • basics/if.c should returns [m m // 0 m](x / y) I believe.
    • basics/while_1.c should returns something (not 100% sure what)
    • not_infinite/exponent.c results in an empty matrix?

    I have not checked the while_if.c, but I believe all the other examples are ok.

    opened by aubertc 8
  • uncovered case for simple program

    uncovered case for simple program

    The current example we are using in the notes,

    int main(){
        int X1;
        int X2;
        X1 + X2;
    }
    

    produces:

    In compute_rel
    uncovered case ! Create empty RelationList (function call) ?
    Decl: X1, [], [], []
      TypeDecl: X1, []
        IdentifierType: ['int']
    In compute_rel
    uncovered case ! Create empty RelationList (function call) ?
    Decl: X2, [], [], []
      TypeDecl: X2, []
        IdentifierType: ['int']
    In compute_rel
    uncovered case ! Create empty RelationList (function call) ?
    BinaryOp: +
      ID: X1
      ID: X2
    --- Affiche <relation_list.RelationList object at 0x7f3e314adf98> ---
    1:
    
    --- FIN ---
    [[]]
    

    It seems like valid C code to me and should be analyzed by our program. Am I missing something?

    enhancement wontfix 
    opened by aubertc 7
  • delta_iter

    delta_iter

    opened by nkrusch 6
  • Ignoring declarations (updated 8/27)

    Ignoring declarations (updated 8/27)

    Analyzing simple program like this yields empty result because we skip declaration statements and currently we pick up variables from when they are being used. This issue is to discuss the analysis output for such simple program.

    https://github.com/seiller/pymwp/blob/252b5e3f9e159ab17990d0e16f65dd14187a1adc/c_files/basics/assign_value.c#L6-L8

    We could display:

       y
    y +o
    

    but it requires adding some logic to handle declaration nodes in the AST, so that the presence of the variable is discovered and then to run the analysis to generate the matrix.

    -or- we display empty output which is not very user-friendly.

    -or- we still skip declaration nodes in the AST, and then if the analysis discovers no variables, we can say some alternative output message to indicate "there was nothing to analyze" (I am putting this in quotes because it needs better wording to be clear in meaning).

    Comments?

    opened by nkrusch 6
  • changes to eval and choice representation

    changes to eval and choice representation

    Please review this changeset and run it on examples to evaluate its impact.

    The evaluation procedure is explained with examples in choice.py so I will not repeat it here, but we can discuss it in more.

    This approach also changes the representation of choices. Before:

    [2,2,2,2,0,0,2], [2,2,2,2,0,1,2], [2,2,2,2,0,2,2], [2,2,2,2,1,0,2], [2,2,2,2,1,1,2], 
    [2,2,2,2,1,2,2], [2,2,2,2,2,0,2], [2,2,2,2,2,1,2], [2,2,2,2,2,2,2]
    

    Equivalent, but now more compact:

    [[[2], [2], [2], [2], [0, 1, 2], [0, 1, 2], [2]]]
    

    Which is read as: choose a vector (there could be multiple, it is a list of lists), then choose one of the remaining choices at each index; this will give a valid derivation.

    This change has some practical implications:

    • faster eval+compact representation of choices enables analyzing programs with larger index (more assignments) and also reasonably displaying or writing those results to file
    • it enables evaluating programs like long.c, whose index is 13, which is also introduced in this changeset
    • it is now possible to evaluate the original dense.c (in tests/test_examples/complex_dense.c) -- it still takes ~1 min to analyze, but the evaluation step is instantaneous
    • the analysis phase is now more significant regarding performance
    • removes progress bar external dependency
    opened by nkrusch 5
  • while_correction behavior

    while_correction behavior

    We should discuss the behavior of this method:

    https://github.com/seiller/pymwp/blob/4250ab22bab7d7057c4949712ca35b9e76b50fd5/pymwp/relation.py#L130-L136

    This is the only place where i may be introduced. It is run on each while loop node during the analysis (after computing fixpoint).

    Some open questions:

    • What I don't get is that it seems that we are applying that correction to all the coef., and not only to the ones on the diagonal. What am I missing?

    • I think that if the coefficient is not m (meaning it is either 0, w, p or i), then we need to change it to i: as of now, I don't think that's what we do.

    • this expression is totally different if you change parentheses:

    if mon.scalar == "p" or (mon.scalar == "w" and i == j)
    

    to

    if (mon.scalar == "p" or mon.scalar == "w") and i == j
    

    the latter checks for diagonal scalars only.

    opened by nkrusch 5
  • Add tools for profiling

    Add tools for profiling

    This PR adds a utility for running cProfile on multiple examples. I have added docs to explain how to use it.

    When I run on GH server (linux) the dense function hangs, but it should timeout after 30 sec. It terminates correctly for me. Please try it and let me know if it gets stuck on all Linux machines or just the build machine, I'm not sure.

    opened by nkrusch 4
  • Profiling simplification

    Profiling simplification

    • consider time as relative since it depends on # of cores
    • not able to profile dense when it does not terminate (until I figure out how to add some timeout limit)
    • for_body.c cannot be parsed and throws
    • "before" == master branch, "after" === simpl branch

    Some comparisons ordered by internal time:


    infinite_8.c

    before: 13224063 function calls (10707799 primitive calls) in 5.163 seconds

    | ncalls | tottime | percall | cumtime | percall | filename:lineno(function) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | 626833 | 0.623 | 0.000 | 0.927 | 0.000 | polynomial.py:296(compare) 158893/1577 | 0.616 | 0.000 | 1.135 | 0.001 | polynomial.py:352(sort_monomials) 6561 | 0.579 | 0.000 | 1.303 | 0.000 | polynomial.py:237(eval) 1907969/448430 | 0.451 | 0.000 | 0.636 | 0.000 | python3.7/json/encoder.py:277(_iterencode_list) 1607264 | 0.369 | 0.000 | 0.369 | 0.000 | semiring.py:69(sum_mwp) 1597239 | 0.360 | 0.000 | 0.360 | 0.000 | monomial.py:116(eval)

    after: 2561855 function calls (2483457 primitive calls) in 1.328 seconds

    | ncalls | tottime | percall | cumtime | percall | filename:lineno(function) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | 284672 | 0.238 | 0.000 | 0.534 | 0.000 | monomial.py:95(inclusion) 17709 | 0.206 | 0.000 | 0.760 | 0.000 | polynomial.py:76(inclusion) 565173 | 0.193 | 0.000 | 0.193 | 0.000 | monomial.py:79(contains) 334183 | 0.115 | 0.000 | 0.115 | 0.000 | semiring.py:69(sum_mwp) 56065 | 0.057 | 0.000 | 0.083 | 0.000 | polynomial.py:357(compare) 23335/1577 | 0.054 | 0.000 | 0.098 | 0.000 | polynomial.py:413(sort_monomials)


    notinfinite_8.c

    before: 15474866 function calls (13029729 primitive calls) in 6.015 seconds

    | ncalls | tottime | percall | cumtime | percall | filename:lineno(function) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | 8451 | 1.409 | 0.000 | 3.085 | 0.000 | polynomial.py:237(eval) 3659175 | 0.910 | 0.000 | 0.910 | 0.000 | monomial.py:116(eval) 3662513 | 0.767 | 0.000 | 0.767 | 0.000 | semiring.py:69(sum_mwp) 124347/1987 | 0.503 | 0.000 | 0.918 | 0.000 | polynomial.py:352(sort_monomials) 1880855/440563 | 0.448 | 0.000 | 0.629 | 0.000 | python3.7/json/encoder.py:277(_iterencode_list) 357668 | 0.357 | 0.000 | 0.534 | 0.000 | polynomial.py:296(compare)

    after: 2463339 function calls (2391520 primitive calls) in 1.308 seconds

    | ncalls | tottime | percall | cumtime | percall | filename:lineno(function) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | 290047 | 0.240 | 0.000 | 0.546 | 0.000 | monomial.py:95(inclusion) 14298 | 0.210 | 0.000 | 0.777 | 0.000 | polynomial.py:76(inclusion) 576027 | 0.201 | 0.000 | 0.201 | 0.000 | monomial.py:79(contains) 363732 | 0.121 | 0.000 | 0.121 | 0.000 | semiring.py:69(sum_mwp) 62967 | 0.064 | 0.000 | 0.094| 0.000 | polynomial.py:357(compare) 21887/1987 | 0.050 | 0.000 | 0.089 | 0.000 | polynomial.py:413(sort_monomials)


    To profile individual C file, the command is:

    python -m cProfile -s tottime -m pymwp c_files/infinite_2.c
    
    • replace -m pymwp to profile using old Analysis.py (though it pauses for user input so might not work?)
    • replace c_files/infinite_2.c with whatever input you want to profile
    opened by nkrusch 4
  • single variable assignment

    single variable assignment

    Analyzing single variable assignment

    https://github.com/statycc/pymwp/blob/662f1b9fadfe815e42499d1357d1698467ea29f9/c_files/basics/assign_variable.c#L6-L8

    gives the matrix below and choices [0], [1], [2].

    | | x | y | |-- | -- | -- | | x | o | o | | y | m | m |

    I don't think the choice applies here? This is by rule E1.

    opened by nkrusch 1
  • Is it the case that values *must* relates to an input?

    Is it the case that values *must* relates to an input?

    The issue on declarations echoed with a more fundamental question that I have, and that is "must values inside the program relates to an input?".

    Let me explain: as of now, we are interpreting x = <any value>; as "reset the coefficient for x to 0", because there is now no connection between the inputs and x. However, I'm not sure that this is permitted, for three reasons:

    • There is no rule for that case in the original paper, and as far as I can tell it's not even discussed,
    • In On Decidable Growth-Rate Properties of Imperative Programs, Ben-Amram "just" works on adding a "reset" instruction to a similar language and shows that it is not easy to do so,
    • When discussing constants, they write:

    To deal with constants, just replace the program’s constants by variables and regard the replaced constants as input to these variables.

    as if (my reading), values had to be linked to the program's input.

    All of that being said, they have an example of re-initialization (Example 3.1)

    C′′ ≡ X1 := 1; loop X 2 { X1 := X1 +X1 }

    as if it was no big deal.

    I may simply be confused. Thoughts?

    opened by aubertc 3
  • Mixing two operations in one statement

    Mixing two operations in one statement

    example3_4.c gives an error, probably because there I am mixing two operations in one statement.

    Originally posted here

    The analysis makes some assumptions about left and right operand structure:

    https://github.com/seiller/pymwp/blob/51bc64cfd9b3638de20a2e2671535a4975c2549f/pymwp/analysis.py#L165-L173

    which prevents using the original expression X3 = X2 * X2 + X5; Adding some recursive step in binary op might allow analyzing this expression in original form (depending on what the AST looks like for this statement, I have not looked into it)?

    If this is not worth fixing at the moment then we can add a note in the features table that binary op is for two operands and support for multiple is in progress.

    enhancement 
    opened by nkrusch 1
  • for loop analysis is broken

    for loop analysis is broken

    During analysis of a for loop, the implementation call a non-existent method rels.conditionRel.

    This was, at some point, a method of RelationList class, but going back as far as old_dfg_mwp_python I have not found the implementation.

    Trying to resolve this:

    1. what does this method do?
    2. (independent of previous) is it necessary to call this method?

    Current implementation with added comments:

    
            # create empty relation list
            rels = RelationList([])
    
            # recursively analyze children of current AST node, update index value
            for child in node.stmt.block_items:
                index, rel_list = compute_rel(index, child)
                
                # add to relation list (will resize matrix as needed)
                rels = rels.composition(rel_list)
    
            # run fixpoint    
            rels = rels.fixpoint()
            
            # ?????
            rels = rels.conditionRel(list_var(node.cond))
    
            # return updated index, relation list
            return index, rels
    

    (actual source without comments)

    list_var extends c_ast.NodeVisitor and returns node names, implementation: [1], [2]

    bug 
    opened by nkrusch 2
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