⣿ dotmatrix
A dot matrix rendered using braille characters.
Description
This library provides class called Matrix
which represents a dot matrix that can be rendered to a string of Braille characters. In addition the class also provides some usefull functions for drawing all kinds of things onto said matrix.
A word on fonts...
This heavily relies on the font you want display the resulting characters with. Some "monospace" fonts/systems dot not treat all characters as having the same width! In particular this affects the blank braille character (this: ⠀
). The system that causes the most problems seems to be Windows while both mac OS and your average linux distribution don't screw it up. If you are having problems with the images in this readme you can have a look at the images included in the spoilers.
Install
Use can install this library from PyPI:
pip install dotmatrix
Example
Code
from dotmatrix import Matrix
m = Matrix(64, 64)
m.rectangle((0, 0), (63, 63))
m.circle((31, 31), 31)
print(m.render())
Output
⡏⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢉⡩⠭⠛⠛⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠙⠛⠫⠭⣉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢹
⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡠⠊⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠢⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸
⡇⠀⠀⢀⠔⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠑⢄⠀⠀⠀⢸
⡇⠀⡠⠊⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠢⡀⠀⢸
⡇⡰⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠱⡀⢸
⣧⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢣⢸
⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣼
⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿
⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿
⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⢹
⡏⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡎⢸
⡇⠘⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡜⠀⢸
⡇⠀⠈⢢⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠊⠀⠀⢸
⡇⠀⠀⠀⠑⢄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠔⠁⠀⠀⠀⢸
⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠢⢄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠤⠊⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸
⣇⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣈⣉⣒⣒⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣔⣒⣊⣉⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣸
Drawing functions
As of now this library contains the following drawing functions:
scatter
– Draws some points.iscatter
– Draws some points (from an iterator).show
– Draws an object implementing theDotted
protocol.line
– Draws a line.chain
– Draws a chain of segments.polygon
– Draws a polygon.rectangle
– Draws an axis aligned rectangle. (from two opposing corners)cricle
– Draws a circle.ellipse
– Draws an axis aligned ellipse.curve
– Draws a Bézier curve.plot
– Plots a series of XY-coordinates. (matplotlib.pyplot style)plotf
– Plots a function.
Dotted protocol
class Dotted(Protocol):
"""An object that can be drawn on a Matrix."""
def __dots__(self) -> Iterable[Point]:
"""Generate the pixel positions representing this object.
:return: pixels to draw
:rtype: Iterable[Point]
"""
(0, 0)
, is at the top left corner!
Does it need to be Braille characters?
No, no it does not. It's just the default; you are free to choose how you want to render things. To facilitate this any given Matrix
object internally makes use of an object implementing the Display
protocol. For example this library implements, next to the Braille
displays, some more display like Block
or Unit
.
Display protocol
class Display(Protocol[V, O]):
"""An object that can be used as a matrix display."""
width: int
height: int
default_brush: V
def __init__(
self, width: int, height: int, *, default_brush: Union[V, UseDefault]
) -> None:
"""Initialize a matrix object.
:param width: width of the matrix
:type width: int
:param height: height of the matrix
:type height: int
"""
def render(self) -> O:
"""Render the current matrix state.
:return: render result
:rtype: O
"""
def __getitem__(self, pos: Point) -> V:
"""Get the value of a pixel.
:param pos: position of pixel to get
:type pos: Point
:raises IndexError: requested pixel is out of the bounds of the matrix
:return: state of the pixel
:rtype: bool
"""
def __setitem__(self, pos: Point, val: V):
"""Set the value of a pixel.
:param pos: position of the pixel to set
:type pos: Point
:param val: the value to set the pixel to
:type val: bool
:raises IndexError: requested pixel is out of the bounds of the matrix
"""
Block display
Code
from dotmatrix import Matrix
from dotmatrix.displays import Block
# Using a different display is as simple as passing it
# into the display-argument of the initializer.
m = Matrix(16, 16, display=Block)
m.rectangle((0, 0), (15, 15))
m.circle((7, 7), 7)
print(m.render())
Output
█▀▀██▀▀▀▀▀██▀▀▀█
█▄▀ ▀▄ █
█▀ ▀▄█
█ ██
█ ██
██ █ █
█ ▀▄▄ ▄▄▀ █
█▄▄▄▄█████▄▄▄▄▄█
Unit display
Code
from dotmatrix import Matrix
from dotmatrix.displays import Block
# The following isn't required for using the Unit display.
# It's just here to demonstrate that you "pre-instantiate"
# a display and construct a Matrix object from it using
# Matrix.from_display.
d = Unit(16, 16, chars=[" ", "##"])
m = Matrix.from_display(d)
m.curve((0, 0), (15, 0), (0, 15), (15, 15))
print(m.render())
Output
########
####
##
##
##
##
##
##
##
##
##
##
##
##
##
##########
More examples
Bézier flower
Code
from dotmatrix import Matrix
m = Matrix(64, 64)
m.curve((0, 0), (63, 0), (0, 63), (63, 63))
m.curve((0, 0), (0, 63), (63, 0), (63, 63))
m.curve((63, 0), (0, 0), (63, 63), (0, 63))
m.curve((63, 0), (63, 63), (0, 0), (0, 63))
print(m.render())
Output
⡏⠉⠉⠉⠉⠒⠒⠤⠤⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠤⠤⠒⠒⠉⠉⠉⠉⢹
⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠒⢄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡠⠒⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸
⢣⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠑⡄⠀⠀⢠⠊⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡜
⠘⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⡆⢰⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠃
⠀⢣⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢱⡎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡜⠀
⠀⠈⢢⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡔⠁⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠑⢄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡠⠊⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠢⠤⢄⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣸⣇⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡠⠤⠔⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠤⠒⠒⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢹⡏⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠒⠒⠤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⡠⠊⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠑⢄⠀⠀⠀
⠀⢀⠎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠱⡀⠀
⠀⡜⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡜⢣⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢣⠀
⢰⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠃⠘⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⡆
⡜⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡠⠃⠀⠀⠘⢄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢣
⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡠⠊⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠑⢄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸
⣇⣀⣀⣀⣀⠤⠤⠔⠒⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠒⠢⠤⠤⣀⣀⣀⣀⣸
Function plotting
Code
from dotmatrix import Matrix
m = Matrix(64, 64)
m.rectangle((0, 0), (63, 63))
m.plotf(
lambda x: 0.005 * x ** 3,
range(-31, 31),
origin=(31,31),
)
print(m.render())
Output
⡏⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢹⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢹
⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸
⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢱⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸
⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸
⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸
⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠱⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸
⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠱⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸
⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠢⢄⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸
⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠢⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸
⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸
⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸
⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸
⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢣⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸
⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸
⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢣⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸
⣇⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣸⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣸
Development
In case you want to add some code to this project your need to first make sure you have poetry installed. Afterwards you can run the following commands to get your setup up and running:
poetry install
poetry shell
pre-commit install
Due note that you will have to commit from inside the virtual environment or you need to have the dev-tools installed in your local python installation.
All PRs will be style checked with isort, pydocstyle and black as well as type checked with mypy. In addition to this all PRs should target the dev
-branch and contain as many signed commits as possible (better yet only signed commits