323 Repositories
Python common-voice-explorer Libraries
Every Google, Azure & IBM text to speech voice for free
TTS-Grabber Quick thing i made about a year ago to download any text with any tts voice, over 630 voices to choose from currently. It will split the i
A repository containing several general purpose Python scripts to automate daily and common tasks.
General Purpose Scripts Introduction This repository holds a curated list of Python scripts which aim to help us automate daily and common tasks. You
Interactive Terraform visualization. State and configuration explorer.
Rover - Terraform Visualizer Rover is a Terraform visualizer. In order to do this, Rover: generates a plan file and parses the configuration in the ro
GuideDog is an AI/ML-based mobile app designed to assist the lives of the visually impaired, 100% voice-controlled
Guidedog Authors: Kyuhee Jo, Steven Gunarso, Jacky Wang, Raghav Sharma GuideDog is an AI/ML-based mobile app designed to assist the lives of the visua
A Telegram Bot To Stream Videos in Telegram Voice Chat.
Video Stream X Bot Telegram bot project for streaming video on telegram video chat, powered by tgcalls and pyrogram Deploy to Heroku 👨🔧 The easy wa
A practice program to find the LCM i.e Lowest Common Multiplication of two numbers using python without library.
Finding-LCM-using-python-from-scratch Here, I write a practice program to find the LCM i.e Lowest Common Multiplication of two numbers using python wi
Command line parser for common log format (Nginx default).
Command line parser for common log format (Nginx default).
Objexplore is an interactive Python object explorer for the terminal.
Objexplore is an interactive Python object explorer for the terminal. Use it while debugging, or exploring a new library, or whatever! 9D1FAC73-B2A5-4
This project converts your human voice input to its text transcript and to an automated voice too.
Human Voice to Automated Voice & Text Introduction: In this project, whenever you'll speak, it will turn your voice into a robot voice and furthermore
A Bot For Streaming Videos In Tg Voice Chats.
「•ᴍɪsᴇʀʏ ᴠɪᴅᴇᴏ sᴛʀᴇᴀᴍᴇʀ•」 ᴀ ғɪɴᴇ & ғɪʀsᴛ ᴄʟᴀss ᴘʀᴏᴊᴇᴄᴛ ғᴏʀ ᴘʟᴀʏɪɴɢ ᴠɪᴅᴇᴏs ɪɴ ᴠᴏɪᴄᴇ ᴄʜᴀᴛ ʙʏ xᴇʙᴏʀɴ | •ᴘᴏᴡᴇʀᴇᴅ ʙʏ ᴛɢᴄᴀʟʟs and ᴘʏʀᴏ •ᴅᴇᴘʟᴏʏ ᴍɪsᴇʀʏ ᴛᴏ ʜᴇʀ
Visions provides an extensible suite of tools to support common data analysis operations
Visions And these visions of data types, they kept us up past the dawn. Visions provides an extensible suite of tools to support common data analysis
A project to explore and provide useful code for Mango Markets
🥭 Mango Explorer A project to explore and provide useful code for Mango Markets
Small python script to look for common vulnerabilities on SMTP server.
BrokenSMTP BrokenSMTP is a python3 BugBounty/Pentesting tool to look for common vulnerabilities on SMTP server. Supported Vulnerability : Spoofing - T
Telegram Vc Video Player Bot
Telegram Video Player Bot Telegram bot project for streaming video on telegram video chat, powered by tgcalls and pyrogram Deploy to Heroku 👨🔧 The
The official Magenta Voice Skill SDK used to develop skills for the Magenta Voice Assistant using Voice Platform!
Magenta Voice Skill SDK Development • Support • Contribute • Contributors • Licensing Magenta Voice Skill SDK for Python is a package that assists in
Implementation of Common Image Evaluation Metrics by Sayed Nadim (sayednadim.github.io). The repo is built based on full reference image quality metrics such as L1, L2, PSNR, SSIM, LPIPS. and feature-level quality metrics such as FID, IS. It can be used for evaluating image denoising, colorization, inpainting, deraining, dehazing etc. where we have access to ground truth.
Image Quality Evaluation Metrics Implementation of some common full reference image quality metrics. The repo is built based on full reference image q
Wrappers around the most common maya.cmds and maya.api use cases
Maya FunctionSet (maya_fn) A package that decompose core maya.cmds and maya.api features to a set of simple functions. Tests The recommended approach
The simple project to separate mixed voice (2 clean voices) to 2 separate voices.
Speech Separation The simple project to separate mixed voice (2 clean voices) to 2 separate voices. Result Example (Clisk to hear the voices): mix ||
ZSL-KG is a general-purpose zero-shot learning framework with a novel transformer graph convolutional network (TrGCN) to learn class representation from common sense knowledge graphs.
ZSL-KG is a general-purpose zero-shot learning framework with a novel transformer graph convolutional network (TrGCN) to learn class representa
An Advanced Telegram Bot to Play Radio & Music in Voice Chat. This is Also The Source Code of The Bot Which is Being Used For Playing Radio in @AsmSafone Channel ❤️
Telegram Radio Player V3 An Advanced Telegram Bot to Play Nonstop Radio/Music/YouTube Live in Channel or Group Voice Chats. This is also the source co
A Advanced Anime Theme VC Video Player created for playing vidio in the voice chats of Telegram Groups
Yui Vidio Player A Advanced Anime Theme VC Video Player created for playing vidio in the voice chats of Telegram Groups Demo Setting up Add this Bot t
An Telegram Bot By @AsmSafone To Stream Videos in Telegram Voice Chat. This is Also The Source Code of The Bot Which is Being Used In @SafoTheBot Group! ❤️
Telegram Video Player Bot (Beta) An Telegram Bot By @AsmSafone To Stream Videos in Telegram Voice Chat. Special Features Supports Live Streaming From
Just for testing video streaming using pytgcalls.
tgvc-video-tests Just for testing video streaming using pytgcalls. Note: The features used in this repository is highly experimental and you might not
Voice of Pajlada with model and weights.
Pajlada TTS Stripped down version of ForwardTacotron (https://github.com/as-ideas/ForwardTacotron) with pretrained weights for Pajlada's (https://gith
Based Telegram Bot and Userbot To Play Music in Your Telegram Groups With Some Cool Extra Features! 🥰
CallMusicPlus69 This Repo base on! 🤗️ A CallsMusic Based Telegram Bot and Userbot To Play Music in Your Telegram Groups With Some Cool Extra Features
StarGANv2-VC: A Diverse, Unsupervised, Non-parallel Framework for Natural-Sounding Voice Conversion
StarGANv2-VC: A Diverse, Unsupervised, Non-parallel Framework for Natural-Sounding Voice Conversion Yinghao Aaron Li, Ali Zare, Nima Mesgarani We pres
veez music is a telegram music bot project, allow you to play music on voice chat group telegram.
🎶 VEEZ MUSIC BOT Veez Music is a telegram bot project that's allow you to play music on telegram voice chat group. Requirements 📝 FFmpeg NodeJS node
Summary Explorer is a tool to visually explore the state-of-the-art in text summarization.
Summary Explorer Summary Explorer is a tool to visually inspect the summaries from several state-of-the-art neural summarization models across multipl
Summary Explorer is a tool to visually explore the state-of-the-art in text summarization.
Summary Explorer is a tool to visually explore the state-of-the-art in text summarization.
A Code that can make your Discord Account 24/7 on Voice Channels!
Voicecord Make your Discord Account Online 24/7 on Voice Channels! A Code written in Python that helps you to keep your account 24/7 on Voice Channels
Team Curie is a group of people working together to achieve a common aim
Team Curie is a group of people working together to achieve a common aim. We are enthusiasts!.... We are setting the pace!.... We offer encouragement and motivation....And we believe TeamWork makes the DreamWork.
StarGAN-ZSVC: Unofficial PyTorch Implementation
This repository is an unofficial PyTorch implementation of StarGAN-ZSVC by Matthew Baas and Herman Kamper. This repository provides both model architectures and the code to inference or train them.
Clone a voice in 5 seconds to generate arbitrary speech in real-time
This repository is forked from Real-Time-Voice-Cloning which only support English. English | 中文 Features 🌍 Chinese supported mandarin and tested with
XHacks 2021 Startup Track Winner: Be Heard. Educate, Enact, Empower. No voice left behind. (backend)
Be Heard: X Hacks 2021 Submission Educate, Enact, Empower. No voice left behind. Inspiration To say 2020 was an eventful year would be an understateme
SQS + Lambda를 활용한 문자 메시지 및 이메일, Voice call 호출을 간단하게 구현하는 serverless 템플릿
AWS SQS With Lambda notification 서버 구축을 위한 Poc TODO serverless를 통해 sqs 관련 리소스(람다, sqs) 배포 가능한 템플릿 작성 및 배포 poc차원에서 간단한 rest api 호출을 통한 sqs fifo 큐에 메시지
Code Repo for the ACL21 paper "Common Sense Beyond English: Evaluating and Improving Multilingual LMs for Commonsense Reasoning"
Common Sense Beyond English: Evaluating and Improving Multilingual LMs for Commonsense Reasoning This is the Github repository of our paper, "Common S
Based on nonebot, a common bot framework for maimai.
mai bot 使用指南 此 README 提供了最低程度的 mai bot 教程与支持。 Step 1. 安装 Python 请自行前往 https://www.python.org/ 下载 Python 3 版本( 3.7)并将其添加到环境变量(在安装过程中勾选 Add to system P
veez music bot is a telegram music bot project, allow you to play music on voice chat group telegram.
🎶 Veez Music Bot Music bot for playing music on telegram voice chat group. Requirements 📝 FFmpeg NodeJS nodesource.com Python 3.7+ PyTgCalls 🧪 Get
Chinese real time voice cloning (VC) and Chinese text to speech (TTS).
Chinese real time voice cloning (VC) and Chinese text to speech (TTS). 好用的中文语音克隆兼中文语音合成系统,包含语音编码器、语音合成器、声码器和可视化模块。
MoviePy is a Python library for video editing, can read and write all the most common audio and video formats
MoviePy is a Python library for video editing: cutting, concatenations, title insertions, video compositing (a.k.a. non-linear editing), video processing, and creation of custom effects. See the gallery for some examples of use.
Tooling for the Common Objects In 3D dataset.
CO3D: Common Objects In 3D This repository contains a set of tools for working with the Common Objects in 3D (CO3D) dataset. Download the dataset The
A Telegram Bot to Play Audio in Voice Chats With Youtube and Deezer support. Supports Live streaming from youtube Supports Mega Radio Fm Streamings
Bot To Stream Musics on PyTGcalls with Channel Support. A Telegram Bot to Play Audio in Voice Chats With Supports Live streaming from youtube and Mega
Global Rhythm Style Transfer Without Text Transcriptions
Global Prosody Style Transfer Without Text Transcriptions This repository provides a PyTorch implementation of AutoPST, which enables unsupervised glo
Python package for machine learning for healthcare using a OMOP common data model
This library was developed in order to facilitate rapid prototyping in Python of predictive machine-learning models using longitudinal medical data from an OMOP CDM-standard database.
Global Rhythm Style Transfer Without Text Transcriptions
Global Prosody Style Transfer Without Text Transcriptions This repository provides a PyTorch implementation of AutoPST, which enables unsupervised glo
Telegram Radio - A User-bot who continuously play random audio files (from the famous telegram music channel @mveargasm) in the intended voice chat.
MvEargasmDJ: This is my submission for the Telegram Radio Project of Baivaru. Which required a userbot to continiously play random audio files from th
Here is the implementation of our paper S2VC: A Framework for Any-to-Any Voice Conversion with Self-Supervised Pretrained Representations.
S2VC Here is the implementation of our paper S2VC: A Framework for Any-to-Any Voice Conversion with Self-Supervised Pretrained Representations. In thi
Official implementation of MLP Singer: Towards Rapid Parallel Korean Singing Voice Synthesis
MLP Singer Official implementation of MLP Singer: Towards Rapid Parallel Korean Singing Voice Synthesis. Audio samples are available on our demo page.
Minimal telegram voice chat music bot, in pyrogram.
VCBOT Fully working VC (user)Bot, based on py-tgcalls and py-tgcalls-wrapper with minimal features. Deploying To heroku: Local machine/VPS: git clone
Transfer Learning from Speaker Verification to Multispeaker Text-To-Speech Synthesis (SV2TTS)
This repository is an implementation of Transfer Learning from Speaker Verification to Multispeaker Text-To-Speech Synthesis (SV2TTS) with a vocoder that works in real-time. Feel free to check my thesis if you're curious or if you're looking for info I haven't documented. Mostly I would recommend giving a quick look to the figures beyond the introduction.
This is the official repository for evaluation on the NoW Benchmark Dataset. The goal of the NoW benchmark is to introduce a standard evaluation metric to measure the accuracy and robustness of 3D face reconstruction methods from a single image under variations in viewing angle, lighting, and common occlusions.
NoW Evaluation This is the official repository for evaluation on the NoW Benchmark Dataset. The goal of the NoW benchmark is to introduce a standard e
SmartSim makes it easier to use common Machine Learning (ML) libraries like PyTorch and TensorFlow
SmartSim makes it easier to use common Machine Learning (ML) libraries like PyTorch and TensorFlow, in High Performance Computing (HPC) simulations and workloads.
TunBERT is the first release of a pre-trained BERT model for the Tunisian dialect using a Tunisian Common-Crawl-based dataset.
TunBERT is the first release of a pre-trained BERT model for the Tunisian dialect using a Tunisian Common-Crawl-based dataset. TunBERT was applied to three NLP downstream tasks: Sentiment Analysis (SA), Tunisian Dialect Identification (TDI) and Reading Comprehension Question-Answering (RCQA)
spafe: Simplified Python Audio-Features Extraction
spafe aims to simplify features extractions from mono audio files. The library can extract of the following features: BFCC, LFCC, LPC, LPCC, MFCC, IMFCC, MSRCC, NGCC, PNCC, PSRCC, PLP, RPLP, Frequency-stats etc. It also provides various filterbank modules (Mel, Bark and Gammatone filterbanks) and other spectral statistics.
Simple Python API for the Ergo Platform Explorer
Ergo is a "Resilient Platform for Contractual Money." It is designed to be a platform for applications with the main focus to provide an efficient, se
Phonetic PosteriorGram (PPG)-Based Voice Conversion (VC)
ppg-vc Phonetic PosteriorGram (PPG)-Based Voice Conversion (VC) This repo implements different kinds of PPG-based VC models. Pretrained models. More m
DaisyXmusic ❤ A bot that can play music on Telegram Group and Channel Voice Chats
DaisyXmusic ❤ is the best and only Telegram VC player with playlists, Multi Playback, Channel play and more
Intruder detection systems are common place now, and readily available in industry, but how do they work? They must detect people and large animals, but not generate false alarms in the presence of small animals, changes in lighting, environmental motion such as trees, or melting snow. To work correctly, the system must learn the background, in order to differentiate foreground objects.
Intruder-Detection Intruder detection systems are common place now, and readily available in industry, but how do they work? They must detect people a
A bot that can play music on Telegram Group and Channel Voice Chats
DaisyXmusic ❤ is the best and only Telegram VC player with playlists, Multi Playback, Channel play and more
Learn Blockchains by Building One, A simple Blockchain in Python using Flask as a micro web framework.
Blockchain ✨ Learn Blockchains by Building One Yourself Installation Make sure Python 3.6+ is installed. Install Flask Web Framework. Clone this repos
A username generator made from French Canadian most common names.
This script is used to generate a username list using the most common first and last names in Quebec in different formats. It can generate some passwords using specific patterns such as Tremblay2020.
Automatic voice-synthetised summaries of latest research papers on arXiv
PaperWhisperer PaperWhisperer is a Python application that keeps you up-to-date with research papers. How? It retrieves the latest articles from arXiv
Pytorch Implementation of DiffSinger: Diffusion Acoustic Model for Singing Voice Synthesis (TTS Extension)
DiffSinger - PyTorch Implementation PyTorch implementation of DiffSinger: Diffusion Acoustic Model for Singing Voice Synthesis (TTS Extension). Status
HatSploit native powerful payload generation and shellcode injection tool that provides support for common platforms and architectures.
HatVenom HatSploit native powerful payload generation and shellcode injection tool that provides support for common platforms and architectures. Featu
Play any song directly into your group voice chat.
Telegram VCPlayer Bot Play any song directly into your group voice chat. Official Bot : VCPlayerBot | Discussion Group : VoiceChat Music Player Suppor
Cross-media Structured Common Space for Multimedia Event Extraction (ACL2020)
Cross-media Structured Common Space for Multimedia Event Extraction Table of Contents Overview Requirements Data Quickstart Citation Overview The code
This Is Advanced Version Of Old Radio Player, An Telegram Bot to Play Radio/Music in Channel or Group Voice Chats.
Telegram Radio Player V2 An Telegram Bot to Play Radio/Music in Channel or Group Voice Chats. This is also the source code of the bot which is being u
An evaluation toolkit for voice conversion models.
Voice-conversion-evaluation An evaluation toolkit for voice conversion models. Sample test pair Generate the metadata for evaluating models. The direc
ERISHA is a mulitilingual multispeaker expressive speech synthesis framework. It can transfer the expressivity to the speaker's voice for which no expressive speech corpus is available.
ERISHA: Multilingual Multispeaker Expressive Text-to-Speech Library ERISHA is a multilingual multispeaker expressive speech synthesis framework. It ca
Tamil Voicechat UserBot. Powerd By TamilBots. Https://T.me/TamilSupport
Tamil Voicechat UserBot A Telegram UserBot to Play music 🎶 in Voice Chats. It's recommended to use an USA number.(if your real number is suspended I'
Official implementation of "One-Shot Voice Conversion with Weight Adaptive Instance Normalization".
One-Shot Voice Conversion with Weight Adaptive Instance Normalization By Shengjie Huang, Yanyan Xu*, Dengfeng Ke*, Mingjie Chen, Thomas Hain. This rep
An evaluation toolkit for voice conversion models.
Voice-conversion-evaluation An evaluation toolkit for voice conversion models. Sample test pair Generate the metadata for evaluating models. The direc
A Telegram UserBot to Play Radio in Voice Chats. This is also the source code of the userbot which is being used for playing Radio in @AsmSafone Channel.
Telegram Radio Player UserBot A Telegram UserBot to Play Radio in Channel or Group Voice Chats. This is also the source code of the userbot which is b
Telegram bot + userbot for streaming audio in group calls.
Calls Music — Telegram bot + userbot for streaming audio in group calls ✍🏻 Requirements FFmpeg Python 3.7+ 🚀 Deployment 🛠 Configuration Copy exampl
Python for .NET is a package that gives Python programmers nearly seamless integration with the .NET Common Language Runtime (CLR) and provides a powerful application scripting tool for .NET developers.
pythonnet - Python.NET Python.NET is a package that gives Python programmers nearly seamless integration with the .NET Common Language Runtime (CLR) a
Text to speech is a process to convert any text into voice. Text to speech project takes words on digital devices and convert them into audio. Here I have used Google-text-to-speech library popularly known as gTTS library to convert text file to .mp3 file. Hope you like my project!
Text to speech (using Python) Text to speech is a process to convert any text into voice. Text to speech project takes words on digital devices and co
A DeepStack custom model for detecting common objects in dark/night images and videos.
DeepStack_ExDark This repository provides a custom DeepStack model that has been trained and can be used for creating a new object detection API for d
Implementation of Kaneko et al.'s MaskCycleGAN-VC model for non-parallel voice conversion.
MaskCycleGAN-VC Unofficial PyTorch implementation of Kaneko et al.'s MaskCycleGAN-VC (2021) for non-parallel voice conversion. MaskCycleGAN-VC is the
End-to-End Speech Processing Toolkit
ESPnet: end-to-end speech processing toolkit system/pytorch ver. 1.0.1 1.1.0 1.2.0 1.3.1 1.4.0 1.5.1 1.6.0 1.7.1 1.8.1 ubuntu18/python3.8/pip ubuntu18
Neural building blocks for speaker diarization: speech activity detection, speaker change detection, overlapped speech detection, speaker embedding
⚠️ Checkout develop branch to see what is coming in pyannote.audio 2.0: a much smaller and cleaner codebase Python-first API (the good old pyannote-au
A PyTorch Implementation of the paper - Choi, Woosung, et al. "Investigating u-nets with various intermediate blocks for spectrogram-based singing voice separation." 21th International Society for Music Information Retrieval Conference, ISMIR. 2020.
Investigating U-NETS With Various Intermediate Blocks For Spectrogram-based Singing Voice Separation A Pytorch Implementation of the paper "Investigat
A Trace Explorer for Reverse Engineers
Tenet - A Trace Explorer for Reverse Engineers Overview Tenet is an IDA Pro plugin for exploring execution traces. The goal of this plugin is to provi
A modular Karton Framework service that unpacks common packers like UPX and others using the Qiling Framework.
Unpacker Karton Service A modular Karton Framework service that unpacks common packers like UPX and others using the Qiling Framework. This project is
An unofficial implementation of the paper "AutoVC: Zero-Shot Voice Style Transfer with Only Autoencoder Loss".
AutoVC: Zero-Shot Voice Style Transfer with Only Autoencoder Loss This is an unofficial implementation of AutoVC based on the official one. The reposi
A python API for BSCScan (Binance Smart Chain Explorer), available on PyPI.
bscscan-python A complete Python API for BscScan.com, available on PyPI. Powered by BscScan.com APIs. This is a gently modified fork of the etherscan-
Neural models of common sense. 🤖
Unicorn on Rainbow Neural models of common sense. This repository is for the paper: Unicorn on Rainbow: A Universal Commonsense Reasoning Model on a N
Download videos from YouTube/Twitch/Twitter right in the Windows Explorer, without installing any shady shareware apps
youtube-dl and ffmpeg Windows Explorer Integration Download videos from YouTube/Twitch/Twitter and more (any platform that is supported by youtube-dl)
A collection of common regular expressions bundled with an easy to use interface.
CommonRegex Find all times, dates, links, phone numbers, emails, ip addresses, prices, hex colors, and credit card numbers in a string. We did the har
Common Voice Dataset explorer
Common Voice Dataset Explorer Common Voice Dataset is by Mozilla Made during huggingface finetuning week Usage pip install -r requirements.txt streaml
Extra blocks for scikit-learn pipelines.
scikit-lego We love scikit learn but very often we find ourselves writing custom transformers, metrics and models. The goal of this project is to atte
Common financial technical indicators implemented in Pandas.
FinTA (Financial Technical Analysis) Common financial technical indicators implemented in Pandas. This is work in progress, bugs are expected and resu
Common financial risk and performance metrics. Used by zipline and pyfolio.
empyrical Common financial risk metrics. Table of Contents Installation Usage Support Contributing Testing Installation pip install empyrical Usage S
Telegram Voice Chat UserBot made with Pyrogram and MarshalX/tgcalls with playlist and Heroku support
Telegram Voice Chat UserBot A Telegram UserBot to Play Audio in Voice Chats. This is also the source code of the userbot which is being used for playi
Async client API for the Telegram Group Calls
PyTgCalls This project allow to make Telegram group call with MTProto Api using Pyrogram and WebRTC, this is possible thanks to the power of NodeJS's
TensorFlowTTS: Real-Time State-of-the-art Speech Synthesis for Tensorflow 2 (supported including English, Korean, Chinese, German and Easy to adapt for other languages)
🤪 TensorFlowTTS provides real-time state-of-the-art speech synthesis architectures such as Tacotron-2, Melgan, Multiband-Melgan, FastSpeech, FastSpeech2 based-on TensorFlow 2. With Tensorflow 2, we can speed-up training/inference progress, optimizer further by using fake-quantize aware and pruning, make TTS models can be run faster than real-time and be able to deploy on mobile devices or embedded systems.
Voice Conversion by CycleGAN (语音克隆/语音转换):CycleGAN-VC3
CycleGAN-VC3-PyTorch 中文说明 | English This code is a PyTorch implementation for paper: CycleGAN-VC3: Examining and Improving CycleGAN-VCs for Mel-spectr
The goal of pandas-log is to provide feedback about basic pandas operations. It provides simple wrapper functions for the most common functions that add additional logs
pandas-log The goal of pandas-log is to provide feedback about basic pandas operations. It provides simple wrapper functions for the most common funct
Telegram Voice Chat Music Player UserBot Written with Pyrogram Smart Plugin and tgcalls
Telegram Voice Chat UserBot A Telegram UserBot to Play Audio in Voice Chats. This is also the source code of the userbot which is being used for playi
SU Music Player — The first open-source PyTgCalls based Pyrogram bot to play music in voice chats
SU Music Player — The first open-source PyTgCalls based Pyrogram bot to play music in voice chats Note Neither this, or PyTgCalls are fully
ReproZip is a tool that simplifies the process of creating reproducible experiments from command-line executions, a frequently-used common denominator in computational science.
ReproZip ReproZip is a tool aimed at simplifying the process of creating reproducible experiments from command-line executions, a frequently-used comm